Heat a large skillet over medium heat, then melt the butter and add the minced garlic, cooking until fragrant and slightly golden, about 1 minute.
Add the chicken pieces to the skillet, cooking until they are browned on the outside and cooked through, about 6-8 minutes. Stir frequently and season with salt and pepper.
Pour in the heavy cream and bring to a gentle simmer, allowing the sauce to thicken slightly and develop a rich, velvety texture.
Stir in the grated Parmesan cheese until melted and smooth, creating a glossy, creamy sauce that coats the chicken evenly.
Add the freshly grated lemon zest and chopped basil to brighten the flavor of the sauce, stirring gently to combine.
Taste the sauce and adjust seasoning with additional salt, pepper, or lemon zest as desired.
Serve the creamy chicken Alfredo hot, garnished with extra basil if desired, and enjoy the rich, flavorful dish.